DIFFERENT CROSS SECTIONAL VIEWS OF POLYESTER AND POLYAMIDE FIBRES DEVELOPED IN THE LAST TEN YEARS AND TYPICAL USES


INTRODUCTION
Polyester and Polyamide fibres have huge commercial significance . Fibres are produced with varying cross sectional area for the diverse and fascinating properties generated thereby . Some of the recently generated polyester and polyamide fibres are discussed below.

 FIBRES WITH NON-CIRCULAR CROSS SECTIONS

Hollow fibres  have excellent insulative properties and are lightweight  .  Trilobal fibres have reflective surfaces , giving rise to sparkly appearance . They provide rigidity and resilience and can hide dirt .Fibres with ribbon like cross sections also have a sparkly appearance. Both Polyester and nylon can have any of this type of cross section.

Type
Spinneret hole design
Cross section
Special properties conferred
Hollow fibre
Lightweight, provides excellent heat insulation , used in pillows and cushioned furniture.
Ribbon fibre
Flat surfaces for reflection giving rise to highly sparkly surface.
Trilobal fibre
Reflective surface , sparkly appearance , rigid and resilient , can hide dirt for being efficient in scattering.
Hexagonal fibre

Proposed to have better heat preservation.









BICOMPONENT  FIBRES

Bicomponent fibres comprise of two different polymers of differing structures melted separately and spun together into one fibre  by using a different design for the spinneret pack assembly.They can be of the following types, sheathe core , eccentric sheath core ,island in the sea and segmented.



Some particular types of fibres and their respective cross sectional shape worthy of mentioning are

1. Type 4DG ™ is a uniquely designed product with deep grooves or channels along the longitudinal axis of the fiber.  These grooves provide unique features to the fiber that can serve as ducts to move fluid spontaneously, store or trap substances, provide large surface areas for a given denier per filament. Both polyester and nylon fibres with such cross sections can be produced
 
 

2. PENTAS™α is flat, multi-leaf cross-section polyester fiber featuring tiny bumps across the flat cross-section. The multi-leaf cross-section lets the additive drugs used in later processes (such as water resistance) penetrate into the holes between the bumps, boosting functionality and resistance. The surface bumps also deflect and scatter light, providing potential extra opacity and reduced UV exposure. In addition, the flat-textured surface provides for smooth flexing and a soft feel on the skin

 
3.Octa fibres are the polyester fibres produced by Teijin since 2012. It has a unique, highly modified cross-section comprising eight projections aligned in a radial pattern around a hollow fiber. Its notable advantages include half the weight of polyester of the same diameter, rapid wicking and drying, thermal insulation and useful bulkiness, making this a great material for sportswear.


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